Lithium-ion batteries power much of modern life — from smartphones and laptops to power tools, e-bikes, and electric vehicles. They are efficient, lightweight, and rechargeable, which is why their use has grown rapidly across homes, workplaces, and public spaces.
However, alongside their benefits, lithium-ion battery safety has become an increasing concern. Fires linked to damaged or incorrectly charged batteries are rising in the UK, prompting warnings from fire services and safety bodies.
This guide explains how lithium-ion batteries work, where they are used, and — most importantly — how to use, charge, and store them safely.
What Are Lithium-Ion Batteries?
Lithium-ion batteries are rechargeable batteries that store energy using lithium ions moving between electrodes during charging and discharging.
Compared to older battery types, they offer:
- High energy density
- Long lifespan
- Faster charging
- Lightweight design
These advantages make them ideal for modern portable and high-performance devices.
How Do Lithium-Ion Batteries Work?
Lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge, releasing energy to power devices. When charging, this process is reversed.
Problems arise when this process becomes unstable — usually due to damage, overheating, or poor-quality chargers — which can lead to thermal runaway, a chain reaction that may cause fire or explosion.
Common Uses of Lithium-Ion Batteries
Lithium-ion batteries are found in:
- Mobile phones and tablets
- Laptops and power banks
- Cordless tools
- E-bikes and e-scooters
- Electric vehicles
- Home energy storage systems
Their widespread use means that battery safety is no longer a niche issue — it’s a household and workplace concern.
Why Are Lithium-Ion Batteries Considered a Fire Risk?
Lithium-ion battery fires behave differently from traditional fires. Once ignited, they can:
- Burn extremely hot
- Reignite after appearing extinguished
- Release toxic gases
- Spread rapidly
Common Causes of Lithium-Ion Battery Fires
- Using damaged or swollen batteries
- Overcharging or incorrect chargers
- Poor-quality or counterfeit batteries
- Physical damage (drops, crushing, punctures)
- Charging on flammable surfaces
This is why searches like “are lithium-ion batteries dangerous” and “lithium-ion battery fire causes” are rising sharply.
Charging Lithium-Ion Batteries Safely
Charging is when the risk is highest.
To reduce danger:
- Always use the manufacturer’s charger
- Avoid charging overnight or unattended
- Keep batteries away from soft furnishings
- Do not charge damaged or overheating devices
- Unplug once fully charged
Fire services consistently advise against charging e-bikes and large battery devices in escape routes such as hallways.
Lithium Battery Storage Safety
Safe storage is just as important as safe charging.
Best practice includes:
- Store in a cool, dry place
- Keep away from heat sources
- Avoid stacking or crushing batteries
- Use fire-resistant containers for spare batteries
- Never store damaged batteries indoors
Guidance shared by consumer safety experts such as MoneySavingExpert reinforces that most incidents are preventable with correct storage and charging habits.
What To Do If a Lithium-Ion Battery Overheats or Catches Fire
If a battery shows signs of failure:
- Stop using it immediately
- Move it away from people if safe to do so
- Do not attempt to extinguish with water if unsafe
- Call emergency services if fire occurs
Never place a burning lithium-ion battery in a bin or enclosed space.
Environmental and Disposal Risks
Lithium-ion batteries must never be disposed of in household waste.
Incorrect disposal can:
- Cause fires in waste facilities
- Release harmful chemicals
- Damage recycling infrastructure
Always use designated battery recycling points.
Why Lithium-Ion Battery Safety Matters for Workplaces
In workplaces, the risk multiplies due to:
- Multiple devices charging simultaneously
- Power tools and industrial batteries
- Shared storage and charging areas
Training and awareness are essential to prevent incidents — particularly in environments using high-capacity batteries.
Supporting Safety Awareness With Training
At Ascend Learning Solutions, we support organisations with practical safety training that helps reduce fire risks and improve awareness around modern hazards, including lithium-ion battery use in the workplace.
Understanding the risks is the first step toward preventing incidents.